VOYNICH MANUSCRIPT PDF PROFESSIONAL
The Voynich manuscript has been studied by professional and amateur cryptographers, including American and British codebreakers from both World War I and World War II. Since 1969, it has been held in Yale University's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. The manuscript is named after Wilfrid Voynich, a Polish-Lithuanian book dealer who purchased it in 1912. Most of the pages have fantastical illustrations or diagrams, some crudely coloured, with sections of the manuscript showing people, fictitious plants, astrological symbols, etc. Some pages are foldable sheets of varying sizes. The manuscript consists of around 240 pages, but there is evidence that pages are missing. Hypotheses suggest that it is a script for a natural language or constructed language an unread code, cypher, or other form of cryptography or a meaningless hoax. The origins, authorship, and purpose of the manuscript are debated. Stylistic analysis indicates it may have been composed in Italy during the Italian Renaissance. The vellum on which it is written has been carbon-dated to the early 15th century (1404–1438). The Voynich manuscript is an illustrated codex hand-written in an unknown script referred to as 'Voynichese'. ? Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor → Jakub of Tepenec → Georg Baresch Athanasius Kircher (copies) → Jan Marek Marci (Joannes Marcus Marci) → rector of Charles University in Prague → Athanasius Kircher → Pieter Jan Beckx → Wilfrid Voynich → Ethel Voynich → Anne Nill → Hans Peter Kraus → Yale Įarliest information about its existence comes from a letter that was found inside the covers of the manuscript-the letter was written in either 1665 or 1666
Two manuscript copies which Baresch sent twice to Kircher in Rome Herbal, astronomical, balneological, cosmological and pharmaceutical sections + section with recipesĬolor ink, a bit crude, was used for painting the figures, probably later than the time of creation of the text and the outlines themselves Very small number of words found in Latin script 20 quires is the smallest estimated number, and it contains > 170,000 characters)
diagrams or markings for certain parts related to illustrations Ģ40 out of 272 pages found (≈ 88%) The rest of the manuscript appears in the form of graphics i.e. One column in the page body, with slightly indented right margin and with paragraph divisions, and often with stars in the left margin Possibly natural or constructed language Ī very small number of words were found in Latin and High German
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